| A |
Symbol for 3A Sanitary Standards Symbol Administrative Council. The 3A Sanitary Standard was created by the dairy industry as a voluntary benchmark for product performance and safety. |
| ABS |
Acrylinitrile-butadiene-styrene - Themoplastic resin with excellent resistance to acids, bases, salts and some solvents. |
| ANSI |
American National Standards Institute, Inc. |
| ASME |
American Society of Mechanical Engineers |
| ASTM |
American Society for Testing and Materials |
| Acme Thread |
A flat grooved helical ridge on a nut or bolt |
| Anneal |
Stress relief of stainless steel, a heat treatment to remove the stresses generated in forming and welding operations. Done correctly, parts are processed to provide minimum residual stresses and full corrosion resistance. |
| B |
|
| Bevel Seat Ferrules |
A set of plain and externally threaded bushings (male and female, respectively) with matching bevel angles that produce a leak-proof seal when connected with a hex union nut. |
| Bright Anneal |
Annealing in a protective medium to prevent discoloration of the surface. |
| Bright Annealed Finish |
A silvery satin surface, approximately the mill finish of stainless steel. |
| Buna |
Synthetic rubber, a copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene. |
| Burst Pressure |
The pressure at which rupture occurs. |
| C |
|
| Cavitation |
When the NPSH required by the pump is greater than the NPSH available by the system, cavitation occurs. Vapor is formed and moves along the stream. The vapor bubbles collapse when they reach regions or higher pressure on their way through, the pump cavities are forming in the liquid being pumped. |
| Clamp |
A device used to join mechanical parts, fittings, ensuring a quick leak-proof connection and enabling easy take down. |
| Cold Flow |
Continued deformation or movement of rubber or PTFE under stress. |
| Compression Set |
The deformation that remains in rubber or PTFE after it has been subjected to and released from stress such as a clamp. The longer the stress is maintained, the more definitive the deformation. |
| D |
|
| DA |
Double acting. |
| Double-Acting Pneumatic Actuator |
Any pneumatic actuator which uses air to drive the actuator output shaft in both the open and closed direction. The air supply is piped to one side of a piston-drive or a diaphragm while the air contained on the opposing side is exhausted. |
| DPDT |
Double pole-double throw. |
| Durometer |
Instrument used for measuring the hardness of rubber. |
| Durometer hardness |
A numerical value which indicates the resistance to indentation of the blunt indentor of the durometer. |
| E |
|
| EPDM |
Ethylene Propylene Diene Monome, a synthetic rubber. |
| Elastomer |
Any of various elastic substances resembling rubber. |
| Electric Actuator |
An electro-mechanical device used to open and close or modulate a valve. |
| Electric Failsafe Actuator |
Electrically driven actuator that contains an internal spring to close the valve on loss of power. |
| Encapsulation |
The enclosing of material by an encapsulant for protective purposes. |
| F |
|
| Fail-Closed |
Spring return pneumatic actuator is applied to the valve such that the spring will drive the valve to the close position upon loss of air (may be termed air-to-open). |
| Fail-Open |
Spring return pneumatic actuator is applied to the valve such that the spring will drive the valve to open position upon loss of air (may be termed air-to-close). |
| Ferrule |
A bushing used to secure a tube joint. A special bushing designed for welding to the end of tubing. Two ferrules and a gasket make a leak-proof connection when used with the complimentary clamps. |
| Fitting |
A small part of an apparatus. See our fitting numbering guide. |
| Fluorocarbon |
Elastomer known as Viton®, a registered trademark of DuPont. |
| Friction Loss |
The reduction of water pressure which occurs as water travels over distance and through and kind of restriction. |
| G |
|
| Gasket |
A seal used between matched machine parts to prevent escape of a gas or fluid. Special seals fit between the ferrules on the fittings, which are then clamped together, compressing the seal and making a leak-proof joint. |
| H |
|
| Hex Union Nut |
An internally acme-threaded six-sided connector used to assemble bevel seat fittings. |
| I |
|
| ISO5211 |
International standard for actuator and valve interface. |
| Internal Expansion (IX) |
A plug (or bullet) is pulled through a stem or set of blades (fingers) increase the stem I.D. to the plug O.D. or a predetermined setting when using expansion blades. This forces the stem serrations into the hose tube and the hose cover into the serrations of the ferrule. |
| L |
|
| Laminar Flow |
The flow of a fluid when each particle of the fluid follows a smooth path, paths which never interfere with one another. One result of laminar flow is that the velocity of the fluid is constant at any point in the fluid. |
| M |
|
| Manual Over-ride |
Any mechanical device by which an automated valve may be manually operated. On smaller actuators, this may simply be wrench flats on the output shaft of the actuator. Larger actuators may require a more sophisticated system, such as declutchable hand wheels, or manual gears. |
| Maximum-Shut-Off Pressure |
The pressure of the media flowing into the valve against which the valve will have to close. |
| Media |
The material flowing through the valve. |
| MTR |
Material Test Report |
| Modulating Service |
When the valve is being used to throttle or regulate the rate of flow by being positioned at varying positions between open and closed. |
| N |
|
| NAMUR |
International Standard of Interface for Actuator Connections |
| NEMA 4 |
Weather-proof enclosure suitable for indoor/outdoor applications to protect from windblown dust, rain or hose-directed water. |
| NEMA 4x |
Offers the same protection as Nema 4 with the addition of corrosion resistance. |
| NEMA 6 |
Enclosure that may be submerged up to six feet for 30 minutes. |
| NEMA 7 |
Enclosure for hazardous locations must be capable of withstanding an internal explosion of gases so as not to ignite an external gas-air mixture. |
| NEMA Rating |
National Electrical Code Ratings for electrical component enclosures. |
| Neoprene |
Synthetic rubber, chemically and structurally similar to natural rubber. |
| Nominal Size |
A dimensional value assigned for the purpose of convenient designation. |
| O |
|
| On-Off Service |
When the valve is being used to cycle to the full open or full closed position. |
| Operating Pressure |
The pressure at which the system functions. |
| P |
|
| Pneumatic Actuator |
An air operated mechanical device used to open and close or modulate a valve. The actuator, which is mounted to the valve by a bracket and coupled to the stem, is designed to convert air pressure into mechanical force sufficient to operate the valve. |
| Polypropylene |
A lightweight synthetic plastic. |
| PSI |
Pounds per square inch. |
| PSIG |
Pounds per square inch gauge. |
| PTFE |
Tetrafluoroethylene, DuPont’s Teflon®, is a high performance engineering plastic that is not wet by many liquids. |
| S |
|
| Silicone |
Dimethyl silicone, a synthetic rubber. |
| SPDT |
Single pole double throw. |
| Spring-Return Pneumatic Actuator |
Any pneumatic actuator which contains a single coil spring or group of coil springs to oppose the movement of a piston. As air moves the piston or diaphragm, the spring is compressed. When the air supply is discontinued and exhausted, the spring extends and drives the piston in the opposite direction. |
| SPST |
Single pole single throw. |
| Stem Torque |
The force required at the valve stem to open or close the valve. Torque is expressed in inch pounds or foot pounds. |
| Supply Pressure |
The plant air supply pressure available to operate a pneumatic actuator. |
| Surge |
A rapid rise and decrease of internal pressure. |
| T |
|
| Torque |
A twisting or turning force usually measured in inch pounds or foot pounds. |
| Tube |
A hollow cylinder especially one that conveys a fluid. For sanitary applications, a thin wall is implied. |
| Tube Fitting |
A length of tubing formed into a usable shape either welded to an apparatus or welded to ferrules for use in an apparatus. |
| Turbulent Flow |
Irregular flow that is characterized by tiny whirlpool regions. The velocity of this fluid is NOT constand at every point. |
| W |
|
| WOG |
Water, Oil, Gas. Pressure rating for valves handling these products. |
| Welding |
Join two or more pieces of material by applying heat to produce a localized union through fusion across the interface. For sanitary fittings, a ferrule is attached to the ends of a tube fitting by TIG welding without the addition of filler metal. Tube fittings can then be joined with clamps and gaskets to form parts of a system. |
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